PORCINE ROTAVIRUS

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Causative Agent(s)

Porcine Rotavirus. The virus is non-enveloped, icosahedral particles of 65-75nm diameter.

Clinical Presentations and Epidemiology

Rotaviruses cause disease in pigs all over the world in form of outbreaks. Rotaviruses are a major cause of diarrhoea in neonates and young pigs.

The viruses are divided into four serogroups (A,B,C and E).

Group A rotaviruses are the most common cause of diarrhoea in young pigs.

Diagnostic Considerations

The samples required for laboratory examination are faecal samples and intestinal contents. The laboratory tests that are used to diagnose the disease are immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), latex agglutination, dot- blot hybridization, RNA electropherotyping, and Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Electron microscopy (EM), and Immune electron microscopy (IEM) are used where it is available.

Management and Treatment

There is no treatment against rotaviruses.

Treatment is directed at preventing of secondary bacterial infection using antibiotics. Dehydrated pigs are given fluid therapy.