CANINE PARVOVIRUS ENTERITIS

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Causative Agent(s)

Canine parvovirus enteritis is a highly contagious disease of dogs caused by canine parvovirus.

Clinical Presentation and Epidemiology

The virus causes acute infectious gastrointestinal disease in young and unvaccinated dogs. The virus is shed in the faeces of infected dogs for weeks or from recovered dogs.

Clinical signs include anorexia, lethargy, vomiting, diarrhoea which could sometimes be haemorrhagic.

Young dogs (less than a year old), unvaccinated or wrongly vaccinated dogs are more susceptible. There is also breed predisposition (Rottweiler, German Shepherd Dogs and Doberman) are more susceptible. Parvovirus enteritis is not a zoonosis

Diagnostic Considerations

This is based on history, physical examination, faecal antigen testing, ELISA test and viral PCR.

Samples to be taken for Laboratory tests included faecal sample for antigen testing, blood sample for haematology and chemistry

Management and Treatment

First line Antibiotics: Pending MCS result)

Metronidazole (10-40mg/kg POq12hr) Amoxicillin (20-30mg/kg PO, IM, IV q12hr),

Amoxicillin-clavulanate (10-30mg/kg PO, IV q12hr)

 

Second line of Antibiotics: Ceftriaxone (15-50mg/kg IM, IV q12hr)

Cefovecin (8mg/mg SC

 

Supportive therapy: Intravenous fluid, Antiemetic, Prebiotics, Probiotics, Ozone therapy.