INFECTIOUS CORYZA

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Causative Agent(s)

Haemophilus  paragallinarum  (Gram  negative,  catalase  negative  bacterial  rod).

Clinical Presentation and Epidemiology

Primarily affects chickens (especially pullets and layers, occasionally broilers). Susceptibility increases with age.

Transmission occurs through direct contact, aerosolization, and ingestion (drinking water). Chronically ill or healthy carrier birds serve as reservoirs.

Clinical signs include malodorous mucoid nasal discharge, sneezing, conjunctivitis, facial swelling, decreased egg production, and diarrhoea. Mild form: Depression, serous nasal discharge, occasional slight facial swelling). Severe form: Severe swelling of one or both infraorbital sinuses with oedema of surrounding tissue (may close one or both eyes). Especially in males, may see oedema extending to the intermandibular space and wattles.

Diagnostic Consideration

Clinical signs and culture conditions. Antibodies are detectable 2-3 weeks after infection using agglutination, haemagglutination inhibition test).

Management and Treatment

Erythromycin (25mg/kg for 5 days), oxytetracycline (20%) 200g/100 litres of water for 3-5 days, Enrofloxacin 12.5mg/kg PO for 3-5 days. Use medication in water while waiting for medicated feed to be formulated.

Prevention is by bacterins which are available to help prevent and control the disease.