URETHRITIS

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Causative Agent(s)

This is a painful Inflammation of the urethra. It can be caused by infection (bacterial or viral), post-trauma or injury, prostate disease or cancer of the bladder and bladder uroliths.

Clinical Presentation and Epidemiology

Pain on palpation of the urethra, dysuria, haematuria, serious discomfort, genital discharge, and painful urination. The condition is more prevalent among male animals due to longer urethra than females. Bacterial urethritis can be transmitted during coitus

Diagnostic Consideration

History, cystoscopy, abdominal/pelvic x-ray, contrast urethrogram, ultrasonography, urethral biopsy, microbial culture and sensitivity, complete blood profile and urinalysis

Samples to be taken:

Urine, blood sample, urethral samples, urethra biopsy samples.

 

Management and Treatment

Depends on the specific causative agent

Antimicrobial recommendation-Microbiology culture and sensitivity is very important

First line Antibiotics: (while awaiting the MCS result) Amoxicillin-clavulanate (10-30mg/kg PO, IM, IV q12hr)

Second line of Antibiotics:

*Ciprofloxacin (5-15mg/kg PO, IV q12h)

*Levofloxacin (20mg/kg PO, IV q24hr)

Duration of use: 1-2weeks depending on the severity

Adjunct or supportive therapy: Ozone therapy, Surgery, Homeopathy Caution: Not to be used in young animals.